The Question of God Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Question of God - Research Paper Example Lewis, on the other hand, was an atheist for the first couple of years of his life. Lewis wrote he was so angry with God for failing to exist in this world. I was also equally angry with Him for creating a world in which creatures have a burden of existence imposed on them without their consent. Freud and Lewis were both haunted during all their lives by a strong yearning with no easily familiar object. Freud referred to the transcendent longing as Sehnsucht and Lewis called his Joy. Freud, however, was an atheist, he saw in human existence a desire for projection and illusion, while Lewis on the other hand argued that, like other inner human expectations and desires, this longing must be for a real object in this life or some other (Armand 46). Freud thought life to be meaningless he believed there was no god, and he lived an irresponsible life. According to him he existed by mistake, and there was no sense of him being in this world. He thought God was unfair in creating animals an d letting them exist without their knowledge or permission. Lewis was an atheist for a third of his life then he turned around. He used to defend his atheism with Freud’s theories and beliefs before he converted to Christianity. He started believing there was God and everything happened for a reason. This motivated him to find happiness as he believed he had a destiny. When he was young he did not believe in the existence of god as the secular world seemed to make sense to him at that time(Armand 48). He had never given it a thought as to why he existed. With time, he discovered that science did not provide the answers to the questions he had. The many questions he had in his head made Lewis seek divine intervention. Religion made more sense to him as he found a purpose for his living as religion answered all his questions and it defined whom he was. The bible made sense to him, and he kept quoting it to justify his actions. His conversion to Christianity was a transition poi nt in his life. He found contentment in God, and he believed god has a purpose for his life. He believed that the people who did not believe the existence of god had their own reasons or experiences which were minor. Freud was a scientist, and he seek all answers to the questions he had from science. He believed creatures evolved, and they were not created. According to him god did not exist, and it was just an imagination of people. He believed God was just an illusion in peoples mind and never existed in the real world. According to him people who believed in God desired a life of another kind and a different world from which they existed in(Armand 57). To him science was the only thing that made sense and religion were only theories made by people. He believed that those who trusted religion were dreamers and wanted their wishes to be fulfilled. He said that God was merely a dream and a childish wish and projection for a father’s protection. Freud interpreted religion as w ish fulfillment; he says it was all psychological. According to him it was all in one’s head, and everyone could think what he wanted (Armand 172). He said that people have positive and negative feelings about their father and the negative feelings might cause the wish that God did not exist. Lewis cancelled the argument saying it was not a good

Clinical Patient Management System

Clinical Patient Management System Clinical Patient management is introduced to optimize clinics operation. Because of huge changes in management nowadays, management for clinic is important due to the widely spread of technology. This system is proposed for those clinics which are still using paper-based to record down patient record, disease history and etc. This system is to manage the clinics operation efficiently. The area consists of the user in clinic which is doctor and clinic assistant. Basically there are no such systems in the clinic. The traditional paper-based management method has caused a lot of problems to the user. This system will help out the user in the clinic in managing the work. 1.2 Problem Statement and Motivation Clinical Patient management system is enhanced from the traditional paper-based management system that has been using in the clinic. Based on the previous system, the patient who comes to the clinic for the first time is registered via the system. The assistant assist the patient by write down the personal detail in a form. The patient gets the treatment and information about the treatment is record in a file. The system manages the activities in the clinic but the previous system has cause problems to the user. Problems of using paper to record down the records of patient: Only one copy, emergent consult problem Waste time to search the record Easy to lost record or duplicate record Waste money on purchase paper Waste space for store record These problem are so important is because they will affect the operation of clinic cause decrease of patients visits, inefficiency and increase of cost. Clinical Patient management is developed to overcome the problems. The system has few modules such as patient registration, inventory module, medical certificate, disease history, patient record search, appointment, billing and reporting. Objectives The project aims to overcome the problem exists in the previous system. In order to overcome the problem exists in the previous system, we must determine the problems existing in previous system, find out the reason cause the problems in previous existing system and create a solution to solve the problems. Investigate on system/user request and define new requirements. To achieve this objective need to determine who the user is, understanding the user request, verify the request can be achieve or not. Make user easy to maintain record Determine what record is requiring in the system. All the records will be kept in database. Ensure the system useful to user as it help in daily activity in the clinic. Determine how will the system work/operate and understand daily activity in the clinic. Project scope There are nine modules in the system: Patient Registration Patient must register first. Patients IC number, name, address, age, gender, phone number, specified relative IC. Disease History This module manages data about patients treatment history and register for various type of disease. It allows doctor to add, edit and update the disease history. Medical certificate This module allow doctor to create the medical certificate to patients. Allow user to add, edit, delete. Inventory module This module manages all the medicine stock in the clinic. It allow user to add, edit and delete the medicine information. It will show current quantity of medicine in the clinic. It includes the record search. Backup Backup the system setting and database. 1.5 Project significance Clinical Patient Management System is used by the doctor and clinic assistant. The user will feel the system is useful because it has benefits to manage the clinics operation efficiently. The web-based Clinical Patient Management gives profit to user as the user can retrieve information regard to themselves through the internet. They can access the clinic system throughout the internet and those who have difficulties to go the clinic will find it practical. The system makes record keeping more efficient and secure from an unauthorized people. Only authorized user has the right to retrieve their own information. This will secure the patients information. This system has also overcome the problems in paper-based management system. Besides that, the system is easy for the management to maintain record about the patient and inventory. The time for retrieving the information needed will be less compare to the manual. This will help the clinic assistant in doing the job. The system also helps in minimize the loss of data. The clinic assistant can view and generate report for the specified data. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Web-based clinical patient management Undeniable computerize medical services is a general trend, this web site will provide medical information for the user, the user can find out the message they want. CMS provide online appointment feature, which accept patients to make the appointment through internet. Besides, doctors can manage the clinic daily work by using CMS. (Andrew Ho 2002, Louis Leong 2002, Onofre da Costa 2002). In journal article Clinics Management System (CMS) based on Patient Centered Process Ontology (Vissers J. M. H. 1998), conducted study and found one of the important trends in business managements is the focus on processes to create value added services for their ultimate customers. This is to get rid of unwanted, time consuming, unnecessarily repeated business activities of the processes and to monitor how value for customer is as efficiently as possible In the journal entitled, Best practice Clinic: The making of a good quality management system written by Dwyer, G. (2004), he said that to be manageable and effective, a quality management system should be easy to manage and involve minimal or no allocation of additional staff, and work in tandem with existing initiatives, systems and structures. In the case study of Lance Technologies LLC The web-based system kept track of all patient schedule information. Thus, patients could visit the web service at any later date and cancel or re-schedule their appointment based on Agho Clinic policies. A web-based administrative system provided password-protected access to patient scheduling data to Agho Clinic staff, allowing them to see schedules and patient contact information. The staff also used the same system to manage in-office scheduling as well. All provider schedules and office hours were also database-driven. (Lance Technologies LLC (2006). In Web Based Patient Scheduling with IVR Backend. Retrieved March 13, 2012) From article state in above they appears in nowadays all clinics are necessary to automate its daily functions. Furthermore, regardless of the type clinic, owning and operating it can be a lot of work. Web-based system is a technology important to clinic domain because it can help them face the problem of increasing diversity and differentiation by improve their competitiveness, efficiency and provide better convenient to patient. 2.2 Fact Finding In a personal interview with a clinic assistant, the clinic assistant had explained in detail about the clinic daily operation. Through the information provided by the clinic assistant, the following function has been listed out. 2.2.1 Functions of the System Patient Function Allow patients to view the doctors schedule. If want to supply a direct appointment way on web. The system require to show out the doctors schedule of working day. Making appointment is several simple steps. The patients can log in by using the User ID and Password. For the first time to log in, the patients can register on the web site and set their own ID and Password. Doctors can check and review the Medical history of a patient through patient ID. The Patients can check their own disease history through the web browser, which include the patient info, such as Name, address, age, gender, record of diagnose, any allergic reaction. Doctor Clinic Assistant Function The system must provides the calendar for the doctors, to check the calendar and appointment on the day. The calendar permit the staff to apply different kind of leave. Such as, annual leave or non-paid leave and so on. By using the system, the medicine inventory records can be checked. They can view the information of the medicines such as medicines name, quantity, expired date, prices, supplier info (Address and contact number) and description. During the consultation, the doctor can check the patient treatment from the website, such as patient diagnosis, medicines, drug allergy, chronic disease. After the checking, the doctor will add the information and status in the system. Finally the system will calculate the total amount and print out the receipts. Through the functions state in above, a list of system module had been arranged out and already writes down in project scope, you can refer it on page 3. 2.3 Critical Remarks of previous works BioAXS Adastra Proposed system Patient registration Finger print verification Make appointment Scheduling Disease history Medical certificate management Billing Inventory management Reporting Backup Web-Based Figure 2.3 Existing system compare with proposed system From figure 2.3 above we can found that both of the existing system BioAXS and Adastra they dont have include most of the feature in proposed system. Many patients need to get medical certificate to rest at home, so the proposed system include the feature of medical certificate management to manage the record. Most of the clinic requires billing management feature in the management system to help them manage and record daily expense and revenue. The inventory in proposed system can help clinic manage the medicine stock, so the clinic assistant can always monitor on the quantity of various medicine. The backup feature in proposed system allow user to backup their data, this can prevent loss of data. If the system accidently down, user can through restore backup file to recover the data. CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 Prototyping The methodology I choose for develop the system is prototyping. Prototyping include 5 phases planning, analysis, design, implementation, delivery. A prototyping-based methodology performs the analysis, design and implementation phases concurrently, and all three phrases are performed repeatedly to build the first version, with user feedback, repeat these three phases a cycle until system complete. In figure 3.1 it shown how prototyping works. C:UsersKelvin GiottoDesktopprototype.png Figure 3.1 Prototyping 3.1.1 Planning The project planning starts in this phase. First, the information is gathered from the clinic staff. Then, the scope, objectives and the goals for the proposed system are set up. The tentative schedule consists of project work plan and Gantt chart is developed. 3.1.2 Analysis In this phase, we have to understand previous system problems and find out analysis existing system find out their pros and cons. We also have to realise clinic daily operation process to investigate and define new requirements. The problem statement of the system can be defined throughout the observation. It will become the objective for the system. The scope can be extracted from the objective to develop the system. 3.1.3 Design Database design, where a design for the database is form. It can support the Clinical Patient Management System operational and objective, as Microsoft Access is choose for the database management. The minimum requirement for the installation need to be confirmed first in order for the DBMS in the server to run smoothly. Moreover, the Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), and data dictionary is create where it will explain the main basic workflow of the system. All relationship between the tables, define the storage structures and the access paths will be known. For interface design, we will regard to user request and make it more user-friendly. 3.1.4 Implementation In implementation phase is start working on programming, after complete the first version of prototype, we will delivery it to user to testing the prototype, test for performance, integrity, and concurrent access and security constraints. Other than that, testing and evaluate the system parallel with application programming is done. This phase involve all the users in Clinic Management system that will use this system. In this stage it can be define that the users meets their requirement. Once the data insert into the database, the processes such as tests and fine-tunes will be carried out for purposes of performance, integrity, and concurrent access and security constraints. The testing and evaluation phase occurs in parallel with applications programming. If the database implementation fails to meet the users requirement, several options will be consider in order enhancing the system. Implementation Issues and Challenges Many issues and challenges will be face In develop clinical patient management system. Develop this system can be say like start from zero, require to learning new programming language, new development software and make it operate on server. Unfamiliar Programming language C# The system is develop through Microsoft Sharepoint 2013, and it require using C# programming language to develop. Unfamiliar system area The web-based Clinical Patient Management system is a medical area system, this will cause negligence on the development of software features. Unfamiliar development tools Microsoft Sharepoint 2013 is a new development tools, many useful feature for developer, so require to take some time to learning how to use it. Blur on User Interface design Due to the user of the system are doctor and clinic assistant, difficult to design a user-friendly that is suitable for them. Timeline 3.3.1 Current Semester Figure 3.3.1 Current Semester In figure 3.3.1, meeting to discuss the process of the final year project is a recurring task, the task is execute on everyweek Wednesday. Took totally 12 days on choose project title. Totally 17 days use for create preliminary report, start from 16 Feb 2012 to 9 March 2012. For develop the comb-bound project proposal, this task totally used 21 days start from 12 Mar 2012 to 9 Apr 2012. 3.3.2 Next Semester Figure 3.3.2 Next Semester In figure 3.3.2, planning phase start from 28 May 2012, take 6 days to complete it. Due to using the prototyping methodology to develop the system, so Analysis, Design and Implementation should be recurring task and start from 13 Apr 2012 to 17 Aug 2012. The system should be delivery on 20 Aug 2012. Requirement Specification User Requirement Functional Patient Registration Disease History Medical certificate Inventory Inventory Backup Non-Functional User authentication Fast response time Maintainability Integrity 3.4.2 System Performance Definition Software Requirement Development tool Microsoft SharePoint Designer 2013 Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 Operating System Windows Server 2012 Database system Microsoft SQL Hardware Requirement Minimum Hardware Requirements Processor 64-bit, quad-core processor, 3 GHz RAM 8 GB for single server and multiple server farm installation for production use. Hard disk 80 GB Programming language C# C#, as part of the .NET framework, is compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL), which is a language similar to Javas bytecode. MSIL allows C# to be platform independent and runs using just in time compiling. Therefore programs running under .NET gain speed with repeated use. Furthermore, because the other languages that make up the .NET platform (including VB and Cobol) compile to MSIL, it is possible for classes to be inherited across languages. The MSIL, like bytecode, is what allows C# to be platform independent. Microsoft SharePoint 2013 In-alignment with SharePoints approach of doing more with no additional resources, investments like the integration with Visual Studio 2012 will enable our customers to rely on existing pools of programming expertise to enrich the SharePoint platform and increase the quality and ROI on their investments. Can be used to build any kind of web solution, including Internet publishing sites share contents, applications, and data to improve collaboration and provide a unique user experience CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION Briefly this chapter describes on literature review and project methodology. Information for literature review is gathered from journals in library, online journal, magazines and article. All the information is useful to support the statement from the approaches that has been made. In project methodology, it described about methodology that will be develop for the system. It consists of 5 phases which has been explained in this section. Furthermore, in project requirements, it tell about the software and hardware that been choose to develop the project. Gantt chart attached is to help to manage project schedule so that this project will be finished on time. Managing time is the way to assuring the project can be finish according to the plan.

Decision on Dropping the Bomb :: World War II

Decision on Dropping the Bomb Many innocent lives were lost, as a result of the decision to use of the atomic Bomb. This was an extremely controversial military strategy in the United States. Were the United States justified for many reasons. The main reason was that, it would stop the war quickly, Revenge for Pearl harbour incident and no more innocent allied lives would be taken. This essay proves that it was a good idea to use the Atomic Bomb. After World War II begun in 2839, President Franklin Delano announced the neutrality of the United States . Many people in the United States thought that their country should stay out of the war. The people wanted the allied Forces to have the victory .President roosevelt also wanted an Allied victory because an axis victory might endanger democracies every where. The Axis did not believe on democracy. It all started when Japan wanted to take over China,but China refused. The United States oppsed the expansion of Japan in Asia, so they cut off important exports to Japan. On December 7,1941, Japanese Submarines and Carrier based planes, attack the U.S pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbour (Louis L Snyder, p g 521). Also they attack the U.S military airfileds and destroyed 19 American battle ships ,13 naval vessels,and 200 U.S Aircraft (Louis L Snyder pg. 521) .The attack mark the entrance of the United States into the WWII on to Allied side, and Japan in the side of Germany and Italy. General Hideki Tojo , was the Premeir of Japan.(Mike Fung). He and other japanese did not like the fact that United states were sending War supplies to china and other countries in Asia, This is why made japan attack on Pearl Harbour to get the United States Attention not to messed up with them. "Although the Attack may have been successful in the minds of the Japanese it became a huge mistake . One reason, it made the United States angry and determined to destroy the Japanese. Secondly it caused the U.S to enter the War." "In 1939, Otto Hann and Fritz Strassmann discovered that neutrons striking the element uranium casued the atoms to split apart. Physicist found out that among the pieces of a split atom were newly produced neutrons , this might encounter other uranium nuclei,caused them to split , and start a chain reaction .If the chain reaction were limited to be the result , the chain reaction could release energy rapidly and with explosive force"(Mike Fung).

Mba Essay Sample

MBA essay sample I came from a family who made constant use of street smarts to survive living in Nigeria. Both of my parents have not even finished secondary education. However, my hardworking mother never wanted the same fate for me. She never dare imagine me as a mainstay in the sweltering, overpopulated streets of Lagos, in danger of becoming the next victim of violence. It is a city full of tribal and religious tensions, forever waiting to explode. Yet, this was where I had learned leadership and discipline.It was hard enough to live in a dangerous neighborhood, but to concentrate in my studies while helping my parents sell market goods during my free time seemed next to impossible. I made a game out of it, giving points to myself for everyday I was able to fulfill all my duties. If I had to add the points together and redeem them in a form of money, I would now be a very rich man. With points in my imaginary bank, I was able to get a college degree in Economics.This made sense to me because I had always been interested in supply and demand. My parents’ daily toil in the market awakened me to this idea since I was just a young boy. I was also interested in the idea of rewarding a job well done, as I used to do to myself. An Economics degree also made me understand how some countries could rise and fall. I want to be able to control the rise of a future business. Here in the United States, I worried more about social acceptance and understanding.I am, after all, a minority among minorities, a black Muslim. The dangers that I was exposed to back home had taught me how to put on a brave front. However, I realized there was no need to be afraid. Even though there were still people who would look at me curiously when I don my traditional Nigerian clothes, everything is almost perfect. I say almost perfect, because we are always still working toward perfection. I am now aiming to enroll into an MBA program, hoping that this will enhance whatever business skills I already have.I want to be able to create a safer environment, in which my parents can sell their goods. Maybe I can convince them to start a new business, aside from selling in a market stall. An MBA degree is a special tribute I give to my parents. My parents value education, though they were not so lucky to become fully educated. It is with gratitude that I turn to them, looking back to the day I received my Economics diploma. It is with hope that I face my future, hopefully with an MBA degree that can help not just myself but my beloved parents to survive their plight.

Factors Affecting Child Development Essay

What is prenatal care? Prenatal care is the health care you get while you are pregnant. Take care of yourself and your baby by: †¢Getting early prenatal care. If you know you’re pregnant, or think you might be, call your doctor to schedule a visit. †¢Getting regular prenatal care. Your doctor will schedule you for many checkups over the course of your pregnancy. Don’t miss any — they are all important. †¢Following your doctor’s advice. Return to top Why do I need prenatal care? Return to top I am thinking about getting pregnant. How can I take care of myself? You should start taking care of yourself before you start trying to get pregnant. This is called preconception health. It means knowing how health conditions and risk factors could affect you or your unborn baby if you become pregnant. For example, some foods, habits, and medicines can harm your baby — even before he or she is conceived. Some health problems also can affect pregnancy. Talk to your doctor before pregnancy to learn what you can do to prepare your body. Women should prepare for pregnancy before becoming sexually active. Ideally, women should give themselves at least 3 months to prepare before getting pregnant. The five most important things you can do before becoming pregnant are: 1.Take 400 to 800 micrograms (400 to 800 mcg or 0.4 to 0.8 mg) of folic acid every day for at least 3 months before getting pregnant to lower your risk of some birth defects of the brain and spine. You can get folic acid from some foods. But it’s hard to get all the folic acid you need from foods alone. Taking a vitamin with folic acid is the best and easiest way to be sure you’re getting enough. 2.Stop smoking and drinking alcohol. Ask your doctor for help. 3.If you have a medical condition, be sure it is under control. Some conditions include asthma, diabetes, depression, high blood pressure, obesity, thyroid disease, or epilepsy. Be sure your vaccinations are up to date. 4.Talk to your doctor about any over-the-counter and prescription medicines you are using. These include dietary or herbal supplements. Some medicines are not safe during pregnancy. At the same time, stopping medicines you need also can be harmful. 5.Avoid contact with toxic substances or materials at work and at home that could be harmful. Stay away from chemicals and cat or rodent feces. Return to top I’m pregnant. What should I do — or not do — to take care of myself and my unborn baby? Follow these do’s and don’ts to take care of yourself and the precious life growing inside you: Health care do’s and don’ts †¢Get early and regular prenatal care. Whether this is your first pregnancy or third, health care is extremely important. Your doctor will check to make sure you and the baby are healthy at each visit. If there are any problems, early action will help you and the baby. †¢Take a multivitamin or prenatal vitamin with 400 to 800 micrograms (400 to 800 mcg or 0.4 to 0.8 mg) of folic acid every day. Folic acid is most important in the early stages of pregnancy, but you should continue taking folic acid throughout pregnancy. †¢Ask your doctor before stopping any medicines or starting any new medicines. Some medicines are not safe during pregnancy. Keep in mind that even over-the-counter medicines and herbal products may cause side effects or other problems. But not using medicines you need could also be harmful. †¢Avoid x-rays. If you must have dental work or diagnostic tests, tell your dentist or doctor that you are pregnant so that extra care can be taken. †¢Get a flu shot. Pregnant women can get very sick from the flu and may need hospital care. Food do’s and don’ts †¢Eat a variety of healthy foods. Choose fruits, vegetables, whole grains, calcium-rich foods, and foods low in saturated fat. Also, make sure to drink plenty of fluids, especially water. †¢Get all the nutrients you need each day, including iron. Getting enough iron prevents you from getting anemia, which is linked to preterm birth and low birth weight. Eating a variety of healthy foods will help you get the nutrients your baby needs. But ask your doctor if you need to take a daily prenatal vitamin or iron supplement to be sure you are getting enough. †¢Protect yourself and your baby from food-borne illnesses, including toxoplasmosis (TOK-soh-plaz-MOH-suhss) and listeria (lih-STEER-ee-uh). Wash fruits and vegetables before eating. Don’t eat uncooked or undercooked meats or fish. Always handle, clean, cook, eat, and store foods properly. †¢Don’t eat fish with lots of mercury, including swordfish, king mackerel, shark, and tilefish. Lifestyle do’s and don’ts †¢Gain a healthy amount of weight. Your doctor can tell you how much weight gain you should aim for during pregnancy. †¢Don’t smoke, drink alcohol, or use drugs. These can cause long-term harm or death to your baby. Ask your doctor for help quitting. †¢Unless your doctor tells you not to, try to get at least 2 hours and 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity a week. It’s best to spread out your workouts throughout the week. If you worked out regularly before pregnancy, you can keep up your activity level as long as your health doesn’t change and you talk to your doctor about your activity level throughout your pregnancy. Learn more about how to have a fit pregnancy. †¢Don’t take very hot baths or use hot tubs or saunas. †¢Get plenty of sleep and find ways to control stress. †¢Get informed. Read books, watch videos, go to a childbirth class, and talk with moms you know. †¢Ask your doctor about childbirth education classes for you and your partner. Classes can help you prepare for the birth of your baby. Environmental do’s and don’ts †¢Stay away from chemicals like insecticides, solvents (like some cleaners or paint thinners), lead, mercury, and paint (including paint fumes). Not all products have pregnancy warnings on their labels. If you’re unsure if a product is safe, ask your doctor before using it. Talk to your doctor if you are worried that chemicals used in your workplace might be harmful. †¢If you have a cat, ask your doctor about toxoplasmosis. This infection is caused by a parasite sometimes found in cat feces. If not treated toxoplasmosis can cause birth defects. You can lower your risk of by avoiding cat litter and wearing gloves when gardening. †¢Avoid contact with rodents, including pet rodents, and with their urine, droppings, or nesting material. Rodents can carry a virus that can be harmful or even deadly to your unborn baby. †¢Take steps to avoid illness, such as washing hands frequently. †¢Stay away from secondhand smoke. Check out our more detailed tips on Pregnancy do’s and don’ts (PDF, 176 KB). Return to top I don’t want to get pregnant right now. But should I still take folic acid every day? Yes! Birth defects of the brain and spine happen in the very early stages of pregnancy, often before a woman knows she is pregnant. By the time she finds out she is pregnant, it might be too late to prevent those birth defects. Also, half of all pregnancies in the United States are not planned. For these reasons, all women who are able to get pregnant need 400 to 800 mcg of folic acid every day. [Return to Top] How often should I see my doctor during pregnancy? Your doctor will give you a schedule of all the doctor’s visits you should have while pregnant. Most experts suggest you see your doctor: †¢About once each month for weeks 4 through 28 †¢Twice a month for weeks 28 through 36 †¢Weekly for weeks 36 to birth If you are older than 35 or your pregnancy is high risk, you’ll probably see your doctor more often. [Return to Top] What happens during prenatal visits? During the first prenatal visit, you can expect your doctor to: †¢Ask about your health history including diseases, operations, or prior pregnancies †¢Ask about your family’s health history †¢Do a complete physical exam, including a pelvic exam and Pap test †¢Take your blood and urine for lab work †¢Check your blood pressure, height, and weight †¢Calculate your due date †¢Answer your questions At the first visit, you should ask questions and discuss any issues related to your pregnancy. Find out all you can about how to stay healthy. Later prenatal visits will probably be shorter. Your doctor will check on your health and make sure the baby is growing as expected. Most prenatal visits will include: †¢Checking your blood pressure †¢Measuring your weight gain †¢Measuring your abdomen to check your baby’s growth (once you begin to show) †¢Checking the baby’s heart rate While you’re pregnant, you also will have some routine tests. Some tests are suggested for all women, such as blood work to check for anemia, your blood type, HIV, and other factors. Other tests might be offered based on your age, personal or family health history, your ethnic background, or the results of routine tests you have had. Visit the pregnancy section of our website for more details on prenatal care and tests. Return to top I am in my late 30s and I want to get pregnant. Should I do anything special? As you age, you have an increasing chance of having a baby born with a birth defect. Yet most women in their late 30s and early 40s have healthy babies. See your doctor regularly before you even start trying to get pregnant. She will be able to help you prepare your body for pregnancy. She will also be able to tell you about how age can affect pregnancy. During your pregnancy, seeing your doctor regularly is very important. Because of your age, your doctor will probably suggest some extra tests to check on your baby’s health. More and more women are waiting until they are in their 30s and 40s to have children. While many women of this age have no problems getting pregnant, fertility does decline with age. Women over 40 who don’t get pregnant after six months of trying should see their doctors for a fertility evaluation. Experts define infertility as the inability to become pregnant after trying for one year. If a woman keeps having miscarriages, it’s also called infertility. If you think you or your partner may be infertile, talk to your doctor. Doctors are able to help many infertile couples go on to have healthy babies. Return to top Where can I go to get free or reduced-cost prenatal care? Women in every state can get help to pay for medical care during their pregnancies. This prenatal care can help you have a healthy baby. Every state in the United States has a program to help. Programs give medical care, information, advice, and other services important for a healthy pregnancy. To find out about the program in your state: †¢Call 800-311-BABY (800-311-2229). This toll-free telephone number will connect you to the Health Department in your area code. †¢For information in Spanish, call 800-504-7081. †¢Contact your local Health Department.

Free Essays on Abigale Williams

Abigail Williams is a seventeen-year-old girl who, between the ages of 5 and 6, saw her parents brutally murdered. From that day on she has been living with her Uncle Rev. Parris, her cousin, Betty Parris, and their nanny Tituba. She is in love with John Proctor, an older man who is happily married with three kids. Abigail is very persistent in trying to break up the Proctor’s marriage. She will do whatever it takes to attain what she wants. An extremely bossy girl, she has no tolerance for people who don’t obey her commands. Her belief is that people who don’t obey her should be punished. If there is a task at hand she is usually the one in charge because people are afraid of her. She is also very opinionated; if she has an opinion about you, you will know. Abigail is first seen to be breaking the rules by dancing in the woods and casting spell and charms on the local people of Salem. Later on, once her uncle finds them, and she admits to dancing but says nothing else. My First impression of Abigail is that she seemed like a normal teenager. Dancing is normal and wanting to have a good name is absolutely normal. It is quickly shown that Abigail is a girl who receives what she wants no matter how much it will cost the people around her. In my opinion knowing what you want is a good thing but hurting people in the process is not a good thing. Abigail runs into numerous of problems in the play starting with her uncle finding her dancing in the woods, which at this time, is against the law. For this, she quickly is accused of also practicing witch craft. Abigail try to convince her uncle that all she did is dance by saying, â€Å"Uncle, we did dance; let you tell them I confessed it and I’ll be whipped if I must be. But they’re speaking of which craft. Betty is not witched.† She is just trying to stay out of as much trouble as she can because the punishment for dancing and witchery is whipping and hanging which Abigail is try... Free Essays on Abigale Williams Free Essays on Abigale Williams Abigail Williams is a seventeen-year-old girl who, between the ages of 5 and 6, saw her parents brutally murdered. From that day on she has been living with her Uncle Rev. Parris, her cousin, Betty Parris, and their nanny Tituba. She is in love with John Proctor, an older man who is happily married with three kids. Abigail is very persistent in trying to break up the Proctor’s marriage. She will do whatever it takes to attain what she wants. An extremely bossy girl, she has no tolerance for people who don’t obey her commands. Her belief is that people who don’t obey her should be punished. If there is a task at hand she is usually the one in charge because people are afraid of her. She is also very opinionated; if she has an opinion about you, you will know. Abigail is first seen to be breaking the rules by dancing in the woods and casting spell and charms on the local people of Salem. Later on, once her uncle finds them, and she admits to dancing but says nothing else. My First impression of Abigail is that she seemed like a normal teenager. Dancing is normal and wanting to have a good name is absolutely normal. It is quickly shown that Abigail is a girl who receives what she wants no matter how much it will cost the people around her. In my opinion knowing what you want is a good thing but hurting people in the process is not a good thing. Abigail runs into numerous of problems in the play starting with her uncle finding her dancing in the woods, which at this time, is against the law. For this, she quickly is accused of also practicing witch craft. Abigail try to convince her uncle that all she did is dance by saying, â€Å"Uncle, we did dance; let you tell them I confessed it and I’ll be whipped if I must be. But they’re speaking of which craft. Betty is not witched.† She is just trying to stay out of as much trouble as she can because the punishment for dancing and witchery is whipping and hanging which Abigail is try...

Wake Up, Little Suzy!

Wake Up, Little Suzy! Wake Up, Little Suzy! Wake Up, Little Suzy! By Maeve Maddox Jan Bringmann writes: I have seen many use the word woken instead of awakened. Is this correct? English speakers enjoy a large selection of acceptable verb forms that express the action of leaving the state of sleep: Present forms: wake, waken, awake, awaken Past forms: waked, woke, awoke Past participle forms: woken, wakened, awakened, awoken Fowler made a manly effort to categorize the various forms as to transitive or intransitive use, but in the real world, I dont think many speakers think about such a distinction. The forms wake/waked/woke/(have)waked/woken are probably the most common: Hush! Youll wake the baby! Blast! You woke the baby! Wake up, little Suzy! Has the baby woken yet? The forms with the a- tend to sound more poetic or formal: Sleeper, awake! I awoke from my dream. Wake always goes with up. A much quoted comment from the American Heritage Dictionary suggests that Northern dialect speakers seem to favor forms that change the internal vowel in the verb, hence dove for the past tense of dive, and woke for wake while Southern speakers tend to prefer forms that add an –ed to form the past tense and the past participle of these same verbs: The children dived into the swimming hole. The baby waked up early. I suppose that this regional note may be based on some sort of study, but I grew up in the U.S. state of Arkansas where my cousins and I woke on summer mornings and dove into the swimming hole. Likewise an informal spot check of native Southern speakers in my current circle produced more doves and wokes than diveds or wakeds. Here are some web gleanings: wakened Ethics roundtable debate: should a sedated dying patient be wakened to say goodbye to family? awakened SAYS GAMBLERS ARE IN PANIC.; Jerome Believes They Have Awakened to the Significance of His Bill. In the story that goes with this headline, Jerome is quoted as saying The gambling fraternity is getting excited over this bill, now that they have wakened up to the truth about its full significance. woken If They Hadnt Woken (headline for an article about suicide attempts) I have finally woken up to the fact that I have not got much to feel sorry for myself about. awoken Fawley was awoken by a sentry calling a challenge. He had put it from his mind and rolled over again when a musket blast ripped the night. Finally an MRI of both brain and spinal cord revealed to all of us that the trauma of the surgery had awoken a dormant condition in my body that carried the label â€Å"MS†. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Direct and Indirect ObjectsWriting the CenturyNominalized Verbs

SPS 002 Using the One Thing Time Blocking to Finally Write Your First Book with Jay Papasan

SPS 002 Using the One Thing Time Blocking to Finally Write Your First Book with Jay Papasan SPS 002: Using the One Thing Time Blocking to Finally Write Your First Book with Jay Papasan 1 SharesToday, I am joined by Jay Papasan, Vice President of Publishing at Keller Williams Realty, Inc. in Austin, Texas. This is a real estate franchise company with over 74,000 real estate agents operating across the US and Canada.Jay has co-authored multiple bestsellers including The Millionaire Real Estate Agent, The Millionaire Real Estate Investor, and The ONE Thing. Before co-authoring the bestselling real estate series with Gary Keller, Jay was an editor at HarperCollins where he worked on bestselling books such as Body For Life by Bill Phillips and Go For the Goal by Mia Hamm.The ONE Thing is one of my top 5 books of all time. I have a lot of favorite books, but this one I constantly go back to and highly recommend. In fact, our entire company will be reading this book next month as required reading. Today, we will be talking about a lot of the principles from the book and how they apply to writing.For all this and much more, listen in to this episode of the Self-Publishing School podcast!You can find Jay here:JayPapasan.comJay Papasan on LinkedInJay Papasan on Facebook@jaypapasan on TwitterShow Notes[01:53] How The ONE Thing has had the most impact on Jays life and how it is impactful for others.[03:45] How Jay ended up working on his first book at Keller Williams by running into Gary Keller in the bathroom.[05:04] Jay had actually worked on two of the books that Gary wanted to model for the real estate series.[06:46] The process for outlining the first book and how Jay wrote the chapters.[08:20] The toughest parts of writing the first book was keeping disciplined, because the novelty of writing wore off fast. Jay wrote discipline is freedom on the wall to help stay focused.[10:11] How to feel confident and overcome imposter syndrome by powering through until things shifted.[11:07] The biggest mistake made with the first book was self-publishing with an awful cover. They went cheap instead of taking the time to perfect the cover.[13:44] The writing pr ocess of creating an outline and then handing it off to researchers for additional quotes, stories etc. so they wouldnt have to go down the research rabbit hole before writing.[16:26] Coming up with visuals before writing the chapter. Having a visual ready to go will help drive and organize the writing. Lists, graphics, underlines, etc.[18:10] Time blocking every day to make sure they are writing every day. The most productive people make appointments with themselves.[19:29] Creating habits by writing an intention statement that states, when and where you will do something, makes it three times more likely to get done.[22:02] How to strengthen the discipline muscle to make time blocking a priority to get things done. Write first thing in the morning.[29:08] Setting a time limit so that non-writing activities dont bleed into early day writing time. Use a timer to put an artificial limit on these activities.[31:21] Batching email and checking it only 3 times a day using a time limit a nd blocking off 18 to 20 days a month for writing. If a writing day is canceled, be sure to replace it.[35:56] Building a bunker. Finding a place to be productive and away from distractions. Store provisions, meaning have what you need on hand and sweep for mines or turn your phone and distractions off. Enlist support by explaining why you shouldnt be disturbed.[41:52] Multitasking and switching have costs. The interruptions prevent us from going deep and staying on task. 28% of work time can be lost to reorientation time.[46:23] How being distracted from a primary task can even prevent us from going back to the primary task.[47:29] What the 4 thieves of productivity are. Inability to say no. Fear of chaos. Poor health habits. The environment does not support your goals.[56:28] Advice for writing the first book. Do it for yourself and commit a certain amount of time to writing. Make it a ritual and form the writing habit.

Organizational and Individual Assessment Report Essay

Organizational and Individual Assessment Report - Essay Example He claimed that the unknown troubles many people; nonetheless, in his leadership position he used the unknown to attain achievement (Schwartz & Gimbel, 2010). For instance, he was one time forced to come up with a shotgun at an instant in order to fight an enemy. He said he used his wit to mix up gunpowder and came up with a shotgun that was used to achieve an unexpected success. He added that people should embrace the unknown and be willing to learn things on a daily basis. Moreover, he also demonstrated that we should be open minded to new ideas and challenges in order to become respected leaders within the society. The second leadership style he applied was to have advisors with diverse worldviews. The captain claimed that he applied advices from a close friend who was a commander and a civilian who was more engrossed into scientific studies. He incorporated advises from both individuals in that they both presented different views when it came to giving advice. Most of the time, t heir advise spark arguments but the captain normally takes his time to assess them and puts into action the advice he perceives to be the best. By having advisors who are different from each other makes him consider himself the best leader (Schwartz & Gimbel, 2010). ... For one to be successful risk taking missions ought to be partaken. The captain was involved in a number of risky missions, and he ensured he was involved in the teamwork. Through teamwork, nothing is impossible and the captain ensured he maximized the power of the team to tackle difficult situations. Therefore, as a leader one ought to be strong to face life risks and challenges (Schwartz & Gimbel, 2010). Through his leadership style and management philosophy style, we learn that for one to be considered an incredible leader we need to keep exploring and learning encouraging others to be creative and innovative by incorporating advice from people with diverse backgrounds. In order, to gain trust and loyalty leaders ought to work with subordinates so that the leader can understand the needs and problems of workers. Risk taking and learning how competitors function is also crucial. By learning how competitors work an organization is able to work in an advanced way. The captain has a c ivilian law bachelor’s degree from Harvard University. He went through physical test before being recruited for training. After the basic recruits, training the captain joined the candidate school where he became a second lieutenant after graduation. as a second lieutenant he was given instruction which were in association to overall mission and purpose of the officer’s branch. This stage assisted the captain to develop leadership skills through working with troops. After a period of four years, he attended captain’s career course and he also requested to pursue his masters at this stage. The captain phase takes more than ten years for one to be promoted to the next rank. The captain was involved in commanding roles and taking

Sampling Plan Utilizing Randomizer Research Paper

Sampling Plan Utilizing Randomizer - Research Paper Example The research paper "Sampling Plan Utilizing Randomizer" presents the overview of the software that allows the users to define the dominant age of Facebook users. The population of 2000 ruled out the possibility of the feasible census and instead a simple random sampling technique was used. This is powerful online software which generates samples randomly. All you need to do is to feed in the range of values and specify the number of sets. Then choose how many numbers to be picked from each set to represent the population. It is easy to use, faster and available free of charge on the internet. In order to assess the dominant age of Facebook users, my established contacts were used. I had 2000 friends on Facebook which is an online social networking site. I hoped to address the research question: What is the dominant age of Facebook users? The population of 2000 ruled out the possibility of the feasible census and instead a simple random sampling technique was used. The availability of the contacts on the site made it possible to establish a sampling frame from where a representative sample was to be drawn. In order to ensure the equal chances of selection into the sample space, the sampling units were represented by their number on the list generated from my friend's page. The contacts were arranged alphabetically and assigned position 1 to 2000. The numbers were fed into a randomizer to generate 25 sets. In each set, the randomizer picked 2 numbers bringing the sample size to 50.

How strategy maps could be a useful management tool and system to Essay

How strategy maps could be a useful management tool and system to monitor and control the performance of organisational or business units - Essay Example Strategy maps could effectively be used as a management tool and system to monitor and control the performance of business or organizational units (Meyer 202, p. 184). In the current business environment, strategy maps do have an immense advantage in the sense that they help in a systematic organization of strategy and the commensurate allocation of budgetary resources, they help in capturing and conveying the quintessential crux of the contrived business strategy, help elevate the overall business discussion in an organization from the level of operations to strategy and they facilitate a better management of business performance. Strategy maps allow the managers to contrive a visual and structured organization of the contrived business strategy and help the managers decide as to in a given strategic scenario, what are the actual drivers of performance in a business or organizational unit (Ward, Tripp & Maki 2013, p. 227). Strategy maps help in the identification of objectives imminent in a business strategy and thereby they allow the managers to decide as to which objectives need to be optimally developed before the salient business measures are taken. Using the strategy maps in the management of a business or organizational unit assures that the concerned managers will chose only those measures that happen to be optimally appropriate and that are poised to aid the achievement of salient business goals. Strategy maps do assure the success of any contrived strategy as they help the managers to capture, convey and manage the overall strategy to the salient stakeholders in a business or organizational unit in an optimal and better way (Fitz-enz 2010, p. 27). A well contrived strategy maps is an effective tool in the sense that it immaculately captures the thought process and vision of a management team in any viable business or organizational unit. Strategy maps help the managers effectively convey to the incumbent stakeholders as to how an envisioned

Video Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Video Response - Essay Example Graphic Novels & Her Familys Influence† demonstrates that Satrapi’s family has numerous independent women as role models, especially her grandmother and mother. These women did not allow society to undervalue them, and instead, their vibrant personalities helped them become independent individuals in a conformist society. Satrapi had strong women role models as her inspiration for her freedom-loving spirit. Besides the new things I learned about Satrapi and her society, the videos are related to the reading, â€Å"The Social Construction of Gender† by Judith Lorber, because they provide examples of how gender is a social process, stratification, and structure, and how Satrapi coped with the social construction of gender in Iran. Lorber argues that gender is a â€Å"process† of socially conditioning girls on how to be women, stratification is a form of gender â€Å"ranking† where women are lower than men, and social structure is the organization of work and life according to gender (114-116). In these videos, Satrapi showed that she also went through the process of being socially taught on how to be a woman because of the pressure to be beautiful and to be noticed. In addition, she experienced gender stratification through people who told her where women’s place should be (i.e. as a wife, not an activist) and how they should act in society (i.e. get married a nd have a family). However, instead of being a woman in society’s terms, Satrapi emphasizes that she will do what is meaningful for her and what makes her happy. I agree with Satrapi that people should do what makes them happy because their happiness is more important than aligning their identities with gender norms and behaviors. Satrapi says in â€Å"Marjane Satrapi LinkTV† that she does things as she likes. She has an independent spirit and she does not work to please others. She says that a person who enjoys her own work produces work that will also be appreciated by others. I appreciate her work and

Avon Strategic Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Avon Strategic Management - Case Study Example The company has built its business based on its direct approach. The products of the company also addressed the needs of the women. The company always introduced a new fragrance every month. There was always something different launched by the company on the fragrance sector and they were already known for it. The company had their presence strongly felt in cosmetics and beauty products for women. They also had fashion jewelry in their line of products. The company had its operations spreading from the United States and North America to other parts of the world. The overseas operation of the company has started making more sales than the North American operations. The contribution realized by the company from its overseas operation has grown substantially in the last three years. However, the entry of competitors like Revlon, L'Oreal etc., has been shrinking the market share the company enjoyed in the United States. We need to analyze the situation under this condition and evaluate the options in front of the management. The company has a clear standing in the market. They are known for their women oriented products and it is a company for the women of the world. This the company has further reinforced by launching social foundation that would espouse the cause of the women. It has a magazine that circulates the ideas and social commitments of the women and to fight for their justice. In addition to this, the company also provided tips on beauty and other women centric information. Secondly, the company is also known and it has sustained the image that it is a door - to - door selling company. The business of the company was built by the local Avon ladies who were more of consultants to their customers and could also achieve the kind of sale that was happening then. The company and its brand of products, has its own standing in the market. However, the market has a very short memory when it comes to remembering brands! The company has a web site that promotes the thoughts and ideas of the company on the beauty products and other fashion accessories that they are selling. Company has tried positioning their products on the retail market using the JC Penny & Co store chain but was not very successful. However, the company still runs the mail order business from where the customers could get their supplies should they have any difficulty in meeting their individual Avon ladies. They do have an online presence in the growing internet selling market; though not forceful. New products in the fragrance division are done every month. However, it is in line with the idea of the company to have new fragrances on the fly. To ensure that there are new products in every segment of work that is being done, the company has escalated its R&D budget by nearly 46%. Competition In the market place, the share of the market is being taken away by competitors by taking different approaches. Companies like L'Oreal or Revlon, sell through retail outlets and they realize their targets by positioning it appropriately through advertisement campaigns. The presence of these companies in the retail outlets is overwhelming and this has been one of the major causes of market share dwindling. The companies that are present in the direct selling market such as Mary Kay, Amway and Fuller do not compete with the exact products that are sold by Avon. However, Mary Kay is the closest competitor in this sector. It is therefore, important for the company to ensure

Work Experiences in School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Work Experiences in School - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that working while still in school is beneficial because it gives us a good â€Å"feel† to know and realize what kind of careers we really like. In my case, I love media and film and this linking to media and film is an informed decision because I already have several work experiences as a model, promoter of boutiques and staff crew of many comedy shows. These experiences made me realized what I really wanted to pursue in the future and helped me shape as a would-be professional. These experiences helped shape my values and expectations because it made me take my studies seriously especially those that I know will be needed in the real world setting. Doing this kind of preparation during my formative years is already shaping my values.  In general, my work experiences were pleasant but of course, I also had a share of not so good work experiences like having a stubborn boss. But these experiences, both the good and the bad, made me a better person and student. My work experiences did not only give me a realistic perspective about work and career but it also helped me shape as a person. I can only wish that every student will have the same work experiences that I have so that they will have the right perspective about work while still in school.  I have benefited so much from it and I believe that the biggest benefit I gained from working was the realization of what kind of career that I really wanted to pursue - a career that I would be like doing not just merely having a job but doing what makes me happy. I am fortunate because I have this realization while still in school where I can still shape my future to become a better professional in the future and a happier individual doing a career that I love best.

Avon Strategic Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Avon Strategic Management - Case Study Example The company has built its business based on its direct approach. The products of the company also addressed the needs of the women. The company always introduced a new fragrance every month. There was always something different launched by the company on the fragrance sector and they were already known for it. The company had their presence strongly felt in cosmetics and beauty products for women. They also had fashion jewelry in their line of products. The company had its operations spreading from the United States and North America to other parts of the world. The overseas operation of the company has started making more sales than the North American operations. The contribution realized by the company from its overseas operation has grown substantially in the last three years. However, the entry of competitors like Revlon, L'Oreal etc., has been shrinking the market share the company enjoyed in the United States. We need to analyze the situation under this condition and evaluate the options in front of the management. The company has a clear standing in the market. They are known for their women oriented products and it is a company for the women of the world. This the company has further reinforced by launching social foundation that would espouse the cause of the women. It has a magazine that circulates the ideas and social commitments of the women and to fight for their justice. In addition to this, the company also provided tips on beauty and other women centric information. Secondly, the company is also known and it has sustained the image that it is a door - to - door selling company. The business of the company was built by the local Avon ladies who were more of consultants to their customers and could also achieve the kind of sale that was happening then. The company and its brand of products, has its own standing in the market. However, the market has a very short memory when it comes to remembering brands! The company has a web site that promotes the thoughts and ideas of the company on the beauty products and other fashion accessories that they are selling. Company has tried positioning their products on the retail market using the JC Penny & Co store chain but was not very successful. However, the company still runs the mail order business from where the customers could get their supplies should they have any difficulty in meeting their individual Avon ladies. They do have an online presence in the growing internet selling market; though not forceful. New products in the fragrance division are done every month. However, it is in line with the idea of the company to have new fragrances on the fly. To ensure that there are new products in every segment of work that is being done, the company has escalated its R&D budget by nearly 46%. Competition In the market place, the share of the market is being taken away by competitors by taking different approaches. Companies like L'Oreal or Revlon, sell through retail outlets and they realize their targets by positioning it appropriately through advertisement campaigns. The presence of these companies in the retail outlets is overwhelming and this has been one of the major causes of market share dwindling. The companies that are present in the direct selling market such as Mary Kay, Amway and Fuller do not compete with the exact products that are sold by Avon. However, Mary Kay is the closest competitor in this sector. It is therefore, important for the company to ensure

Law Of Agency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Law Of Agency - Essay Example Principals by placing fresh orders with Papa Dog. Thus, she is personally liable for her actions and not her principals. Although initially she had remonstrated with Josh, regarding the defect in product K10, later she confirmed order for  £600 without seeking permission from her principals. This action has made her liable under law of criminal tort and negligence. The next feature that needs to be seen is that under the law of agency, it is illegal for an agent to make secret profits out of actions arising out of agency business. Even if she did she would be liable to disclose the same to the principal and act according to their instructions. However, this was also not done, making her an ideal candidate for tort, criminal action under agency laws and fraudulent conduct. â€Å"Agents have certain duties to their principals. This could be in terms of performing the legal duties as embodied in covenant and adhering to â€Å"standards of reasonable care, skills and diligence implicit in all contracts.† (Chapter 19: Agent Duties to Principal, #13). Again agents have a major duty to reveal to the principal information gathered from outside sources regarding matters relevant to business â€Å"that is important to the principals.† (Chapter 19: Agent Duties to Principal, #13). â€Å"The duty of loyalty† in terms of not working in cross purposes or detrimental to the interests of the principal is also sacrosanct for the agent. .† (Chapter 19: Agent Duties continued, #14). Again the duty of obedience entails that agent would have to honour the legal and ethical guidelines offered by the principal â€Å"during the performance of the agency.† (Chapter 19: Agent Duties continued, #14). In the case of Alwood v. Clifford (2002) EMCR -3, the lady, Alwood was expecting eight children, and she hired the services of Clifford, for arranging for leading newspaper to cover the rare event. Clifford

Islamic Architecture in India

Islamic Architecture in India Introduction India is vast in culture and traditions, nature, religions, languages rich with historical monuments with vernacular architectures. Taj Mahal is one such wonderous monument structures built by ShahJahan as tomb in memory of his adored wife, Mumtaj Mahal. Taj Mahal is renowned for its glorious Indo-Islamic architectural presence in style, shape, color, location of the monument and material used to construct it. It is one of the eighth wonder of worlds famous monuments and appreciated by its visitors interests for their insight into its culture, time and history of the monument. Therefore, Taj Mahal architecture can be renowned as the largest model combination of the derivative of Byzantine, Persian, Indian and Islamic architecture. The Indo-Islamic architecture takes live in form with the slave dynasty in India. It is credited to Mughal dynasty in Pakistan and India, the field of arts and architecture who gave special care to raise historical monuments in India. The earliest monuments what we find in India are the recycled material of the existing Jain, Buddha and Hindu monuments. The Islamic architecture was then fostered by the Delhi Sultanate and achieved excellence by the Mughal contributions. The Background of Islamic Architecture in India The Persian dynasties dating back to 500 BCE has seen many Islamic faith dynasties. Throughout the ruling dynasties, Persia (modern Iran) has modeled as center for many art, architecture, poetry and philosophy. Persia is well known for its trade since pre-historic times. The Silk Route acts as bridge between distant lands for trade, religious and material culture. The business also spread to main lands of central Asia, including Armenia, Georgia, and India. Persia has also seen developmental fronts in architecture which spread many Asian countries as did business too. The climate, the influence of people, available material, religious purpose and peripheral cultures, and patrons also played a important role in the development of architecture (Mehraby).The magnificent architectural buildings take inspiration from the landscape, snow-capped mountains, valleys, and wide shining plains which conceived and accomplished novel ideas for building artifacts while mountains serve both physical and mental sources of inspirations in Iranian architecture.Thus, Beauty is regarded divine for ancient Persian civilizations. The Architectural Intentions of the Taj Mahal Taj Mahal traces its architecture as rooted with Islamic conjectures. Though the Persian or the Islamic civilization was not the first to concentrate their architecture on religious themes, it was a strong feature among Byzantine architects. The Byzantine Architecture records the religious buildings and their designs as achievements of the Byzantine Empire. The most remarkable example at Constantinople is Hagia Sophia, a Christian church at Constantinople (the present Istanbul) is a massive and ornamental church represents the glory of the Byzantine Empire. The architectural intentions also note the power factor in Islamic architecture. The Islamic dynasties believe in spreading Islam and glorify to God by articulating through mosques, unmatching historical monuments and palaces of excellent beauty. To achieve this, they desire and acquire power to patronage architecture. The Islamic architecture spread as far as Egypt and North Africa, Spain, and Persia. Then, they developed their unique style by combining the arts of the Byzantines, the Copts, the Romans, and the Sassanids. This unique style specializes in fusing the native design elements with imported ones. Taj Mahal suffices this stance. The memories of Mumtaj Mahal are spread all over the world symbolizing his love for her. The uniqueness of this monument is its dome structure which is feature of Byzantine architecture. The abstract designs are noteworthy of Persian architecture, the floral designs and painting goes to Safavid style, the location of the building is also an important factor which totally reiterates the presence of chief Persian architecture. Communicating spirituality is yet another perspective attributed to Islamic Architecture. This perspective has been practiced among sages, philosophers, poets, and spiritual masters of Islamic countries. The disciple of proliferating Islamic law through the pursuit of knowledge, reflections on reality of nature beyond appearance, disciplined prayer is also reflected on their architecture. The stone flowers of the Taj Mahal gives a picture of realism fascinating the visitor with their grace and colorful freshness, (Okado and Joshi). The Taj Mahals mention to paradise can be seen in the motif of flowers carved on the funerary chambers of the mausoleum, as well as on the plinths of the inner iwan, where flowers and roses symbolize the Kingdom of Allah, (Bin and Rasdi). The Byzantines architecture also followed similar organizing principles. Whereas the Christian religious worship place and its design corresponds to the religion. Therefore, symbolism also played a significant role in the evolution of the form of the monuments. During the Byzantine period the Church itself became a symbol of the faith. The master piece of Indo-Islamic Architectural style, the beauty of the Taj Mahal, inspires numerous artists from all over the world. To this, Okada and Joshi (1993) relates to the four canals to the four rivers of Paradise referred in the Holy Quran. The symbolic nature of the garden and the canals at Taj Mahal is considered the funereal nature of the monument and the Quran inscription located on the southern entrance wall of the main Gate gives undeniable credibility to the comparison of the Taj Mahal with the Garden of Paradise, this inscription says: (It will be said to the pious): O (you) the one in (complete) rest and satisfaction! Come back to your Lord, well-pleased (yourself) and well-pleasing unto him! Enter you, then, among My honored slaves, And enter you My Paradise! The Holy Quran, Surah Al-Fajr: 89:27-30 Therefore, it is notable to see the students of Islamic architecture enduring Taj Mahal as an incomparable monument in Persian origin. The Architecture, Structure of Taj Mahal The Byzantine and Islamic architecture share a common style of architecture, the dome. The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is in response to the Islamic architecture which shows the influence of Byzantine architecture imparted as the dome style passed on to the Islamic architecture. It is also known as Persian dome. Today, it is called the Onion Dome. This architecture advancement of the use of dome is accredited formed a new style in global architecture. The most celebrated example is the Taj Mahal (A.D. 1630) built by Mughal Dynasty in India. But, this is not new to Indian architecture. The well known Buddhist Stupa at Sanchi, India 4th to 1st century BCE is a commemorative monument associated with preserving sacred relics. Not only these, the Mauryan kingdom (c. 321-185 BCE) in India also fortify their cities with Stupas, Viharas, and temples were constructed, (Kumar). The Taj Mahal consists of sixteen chambers, eight chambers each on two levels that contain the octagonal funerary chamber overcome by a surbased inner dome. The funerary chamber consists of the tombs of Mumtaj Mahal and Shah Jahan together, adorned by a baluster of delicately perforated marble and studded with semiprecious stones, (Okado and Joshi). Persians focused their efforts on reviewing their architecture in barrel vaulting, crenallated roofs, conical squinches, big bricks, oval arches and different designed brick work or now and again platerworks over bricks. Though the architecture is traced to 3000 years, the design elements of Persian architecture like high-arched portal set within a recess, columns with bracket capitals, columned porch or talar, a dome on four arches, a vast ovoid arch in the entrance, a four iwan courtyard, early towers reaching up toward the sky, an interior court and pool, an angled entrance and extensive decorations display their distinctive structural designs, (Mehraby). The Structure The intended tomb is made of large white marble structure standing on a square plinth beam consisting of a symmetrical building with an iwan (arch-shaped doorway) presented with a large dome and finial at the top. Franà §ois Bernier noted how the centre of every arch is adorned with white marble slabs whereon are inscribed large Arabian characters in black marble. This structure styling reflects Persian architecture. The base is multi-chambered cube with chamfered corners creating an unequal octagon of approximately 55 meters on all the four long sides. On each of these sides, a massive pishtaq, or a vaulted archway, frames the iwan with two similarly shaped, arched balconies stacked on either side forming a symmetrical shape on all sides of the building. There are four minarets frame the tomb and the main chamber houses the false graves of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan. The actual graves are located at a lower level. The top of the dome is fancily decorated with a lotus design. The columned bases open through the roof of the tomb and provide light to the interior. Tall decorative spires (guldastas) extend from edges of base walls, and provide visual emphasis to the height of the dome. The dome and chattris are topped by a gilded finial, which mixes traditional Persian and Hindu decorative elements, (Wiki). Even the tenure of Byzantine architecture, the discovery of pendentives and dome on pendentives changed the expertise for constructing churches and eased the procedure during the Byzantine period. The bronze make of moon and its horns pointing upwards, the heavenward in trident shape clearly indicates the mixing of Persian and Hindu decorations. The symbolic meaning can be derived as Hindu symbol of Shiva. The minarets are 40 meters tall; each minaret dividing into three equal parts by two working balconies surmounted by a chattri that mirrors the design of a lotus design topped by a gilded finial, (Wiki). The subsequent Islamic architecture in India signifies in the form of Mosques and tombs facade beautification is the main form. The evolution of the dome style as called the basic cube and hemisphere terminology in past architecture was later brought into excellence at some stage in the Mughal Period. The experts say that Taj Mahal replicates Humayuns tomb before the blueprint for Taj Mahal was formed. The best examples for the Indo-Islamic Architecture are the Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur, Agra Fort, Buland Darwaza, Qutab Minar and Safdarjang Tomb. Hambly (1964) writes the architecture of Taj Mahal to be of Safavid style in his Cities of Mughal India which accounts the amazing factors of Mughal dynasty. Safavid is yet another dynasty which ruled Persia during 1499-1722 B.C.E. Safavid has great deal of finest works of metal art works like arms, armor, candle stand, helmets, drinking vessels, and wine bowls. Ruggiero notes the events during the Safavids, networks of caravansaries were constructed to facilitate transportation and promote trade since Persia was business center for many countries then, (Hambly). The calligraphy on the large pishtaq is definite work of Safavid. Anon says, the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan conferred Amanat Khan title for his work for his dazzling virtuosity. This inscription from the Quran can be found underneath the interior dome are the inscription, Written by the insignificant being, Amanat Khan Shirazi.. Not only this, the calligraphy found on the marble grave is attended in detail and delicate. Historical, Societal and Cultural Importance of Islamic Architecture Haider (2002) studies the Islamic architecture along the fourfold phenomenon activity of societal implications namely, the dwelling imperative, the functional imperative, the constructive imperative and aesthetic imperative; these principles also project our images, expectations, definitions, and critique of Islamic architecture. Functional importance of any building under this architecture marks as symbolic or a marker or an icon or a monument fundamental to uphold the longing remembrances and therefore, indicate meaning of a society. If we can cross these societal manifestations against the architectural intentions, a more focused and prolific discussion can be formed. Our study on Taj Mahal is one such productive result of these crossing. If we can view Islam as religion and as historical observable fact of power and patronage and inclined to seek the aesthetic imperative and symbolic expression in architecture, the focus is more likely on Taj Mahal. Conclusion The Mughal courts established in Pakistan and India were occupied by poets and calligraphy artists from Persia who took flight from their very little home country to fortune earning in India. The constructions what we see of Mughal dynasty is the work of these Iranians who were the special guidance of the Mughal Empire who gave attention for very detail to raise monuments for the public to praise the Islamic architecture. The Islamic architecture holds its generosity in various monuments found mostly in India. They portray their love for art and inturn to God. Their thrust to spread the fame is notable. We see every dynasty or the empire have their own set of values, cultures and traditions. These impacts are also well noticeable in their architectures. Therefore, the Islamic architecture is symbolic of the architecture they produce. Work Cited Books Amina Okada and M.C. Joshi. (1993). Taj Mahal. Abbeville press Guido Ruggiero. (2002). A companion to the worlds of the Renaissance. Wiley-Blackwell Roger Savory. (2008). Iran Under the Safavids. Cambridge University Press Franà §ois Bernier (1996). Travels in the Mogul Empire 1656-1668. Asian Educational Service Raj Kumar. (2003). Essays on Indian art and architecture: History and culture series. Discovery publishing house Journal Mohamad Tajuddin Bin and Haji Mohamad Rasdi. (2008). Reconstructing the idea of Islamic architecture: restructuring the academic framework and design approach within the perspective of the Sunnah. The Journal of Architecture, 13:3(6). pp 297 315. Online Sources Mehraby, Rahman. http://www.destinationiran.com/Architecture.htm Okado and Joshi. http://www.islamicart.com/library/empires/india/taj_mahal.html Bin and Rasdi. http://www.islamicart.com/library/empires/india/taj_mahal.htmlAnon. The Taj Mahal. Islamic architecture. Islamic Arts and Architecture Organization. Accessed on 25 Nov 2009. http://www.islamicart.com/library/empires/india/taj_mahal.html. General Information about Iranian Architecture. Accessed on 25 Nov 2009. http://www.destinationiran.com/Architecture.htm Introduction of Islamic architecture to India. Accessed on 27 Nov 2009 http://www.india9.com/i9show/Taj-Mahal-19777.htm Byzantine Architecture. Accessed on 25 Nov 2009. http://library.thinkquest.org/C005594/Medieval/byzantine.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_architecture

An Industry on the Brink: Consumers Need to Wake Up and Smell the Gene

An Industry on the Brink: Consumers Need to Wake Up and Smell the Genetically Modified Coffee A recent upsurge of opposition to the production of genetically modified crops has farmers all over America asking themselves one question: To modify or not to modify? Genetically modified (GM) crops allow farmers to use fewer pesticides while still achieving the same yields. American farmers have planted GM crops since 1995 and, at least for the first few years, had no problems selling these products to the public. Recently, however, there has been a movement by several activist groups, some of which have the support of accredited scientists, to make a distinction on grocery store shelves between GM foods and those that were produced normally. This process, called labeling, strikes fear in the hearts of most farmers who are afraid that an uninformed American public will steer clear of the GM crops â€Å"just to be on the safe side.† The fact of the matter is that Americans have been eating these altered crops since 1995 and no one has been harmed. This simple albeit so mehow debatable fact did not stop one interest group from taking out several full-page ads in the New York Times warning of the dangers of these newfangled foods (Isserman, 2001). This, like many technological advances has met much resistance, but it will ultimately be accepted and change the face of agriculture. The decision of whether to produce GM crops is based more on politics than on practice. Farmers are not interested in deciding which type of crop is better for consumers, better for the environment, or better for the world, but instead are only concerned with which type of crop consumers are willing to buy. Farmers were once faced with th... ... Promoting GM. 13 Nov. 2002. Institute of Science and Society. 13 Dec. 2002. Kwon, Y.W. and Kim, D. (2000). Herbicide-resistant genetically-modified crop; its risks with an emphasis on gene flow. Weed Biology and Management 1, 42-52. Watkinson, A.R. et al. (2000). Predictions of biodiversity response to genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Science 289, 1554-1557. Isserman, A.M. et al. (2001). Genetically modified food. American Behavioral Scientist 44, 8. Sheehy, H. et al. (1998). Consumer and biotechnology: A synopsis of survey and focus group research. Journal of Consumer Policy 21, 359-386. Verfaillie, Hendrick. Our Commitments - Environmental & Social Responsibility: Monsanto Pledge. 10 Dec. 2002. Monsanto.

The Theory and Testing of the Reconceptualization of General and Specif

The Theory and Testing of the Reconceptualization of General and Specific Deterrence   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the May 1993 issue of the Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, the introduction of the reconceptualized deterrence theory was presented, explaining that general and specific deterrence are both functions of crime. Mark C. Stafford, an Associate Professor of Sociology and Associate Rural Sociologist at Washington State University, and Mark Warr, an Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Texas in Austin, introduced this theory. They argued that there is no reason to have multiple theories for general and specific deterrence. Rather, a single theory is possible that centers on indirect experience with legal punishment and punishment avoidance and direct experience with legal punishment and avoidance.1 General deterrence includes the knowledge of criminal acts performed by others and the consequences or absence of consequences from the activity. Specific deterrence relies upon personal experience of punishment and the avoidance of punishment for a criminal activity previously committed. Both Stafford and Warr theorized that people are exposed to both types of deterrents, with some people exposed to more of one type than the other. In addition both general and specific deterrence effects may coincide with each other and act as reinforcement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the May 1995 issue of the Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency a preliminary test was conducted on Stafford and Warr’s deterrence theory. Raymond Paternoster and Alex Piquero, both professors in the Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Maryland, attempted to elaborate on Stafford and Warr’s original findings. They, Paternoster and Piquero, argued that although they could find some support for the basic features of the deterrence theory, there was still a significant component that Paternoster and Piquero could not address. Without being able to measure the consequences of the illegal behavior of their respondents’ peers, they could not separate the effects of indirect punishment avoidance from indirect punishment.2 Furthermore, they claimed that the personal experience of punishment had a definite role in substance abuse, as well as leading to additional criminal activities because of formal sanctions.   &nbs... ...eory. Though further testing needs to establish if this theory is correct, it will provide a single theory for deterrence, eliminating the possibility of accidentally excluding essential issues, and provide more resources to those trying to distinguish between deterrence and defiance. 1 Mark Stafford and Mark Warr, â€Å"A Reconceptualization of General and Specific Deterrence,† Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 30 (1993): 133. 2 Raymond Paternoster and Alex Piquero, â€Å"Reconceptualizing Deterrence: An Empirical Test of Personal and Vicarious Experiences,† Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 32 (1995): 281. 3 Stafford and Warr 123. 4 R.F. Meier and W.T. Johnson, â€Å"Deterrence as a Social Control: The Legal and Extra Legal Production of Conformity,† American Sociological Review 42 (1977): 294-95. 5 Stafford and Warr 125. 6 Stafford and Warr 126. 7 Stafford and Warr 128. 8 Stafford and Warr 128. 9 Stafford and Warr 133. 10 Paternoster and Piquero 261. 11 Paternoster and Piquero 263. 12 Paternoster and Piquero 263. 13 Paternoster and Piquero 264. 14 Paternoster and Piquero 284. 15 Paternoster and Piquero 272. 16 Paternoster and Piquero 278. 17 Paternoster and Piquero 276.

Pros & Cons of Television Essay

Nowadays television plays an important role in everyone’s life. By being the source of information, it provides an endless entertainment for the whole family units. As a result, every family now owns a television and television is now becoming a very useful device for every family. So, in this situation we should say that there many advantages and disadvantages in watching television. And this is the time to discuss the advantages first. Firstly, the television brings us news from all over the world through local T.  V channels and satellites T. V channels about political happenings, social events, festivals, sports news and weather forecasting. There are also many programs showing the beauties and sceneries in the world that we can see and enjoy without spending money travelling there. Furthermore, television can be considered as a source for the students to improve their subject knowledge and general knowledge. There are several channels which provide many programs that can help students in their studies. Read more: Advantages of television essay Especially, students who are doing science as a subject they can gather more knowledge by watching Discovery Channel, National Geographic Channel and more. As we all know in science there many more things which are very difficult to see the processes with our naked eyes. Such as Amoebas, life cycle of bacteria, and behavior of viruses. However, because of the television now students can see those processes just by watching television. Thus it can help them to improve their studies. For housewives and elderly people those who most of the times stay at home the television, in fact, their best friend and their best company. As well as, the programs designed to teach children like ‘Sesame Street’ are useful for kids’ English knowledge that shows vocabulary, simple mathematics, science history and arts. Such learnings are ideal for kids who are in early childhood. For the present we have considered the advantages of the television. Now let’s discuss about the disadvantages of television. Because of the television, social problems such as educational and health regarding to teenagers, are becoming worse. These were exposed by a research done lately that teenagers in most of countries are addicted to television programs. As a result of this addiction that teenagers are used to forget their studies and neglect homeworks. As instance, this kind of issues were recorded specially so during Sirasa Super Star reality television program which have been telecasted on Saturdays and Sundays. Students wasted a lot of time by concentrating on that T. V show instead of studying. As side effect of this, in 2005 O/L and A/L results have been reduced. Similarly that they are dillying-dallying in front of the television teenagers are come up with health issues like adipose and defects of vision. These kinds of social problems would become worse issues in future. Another bad issue of watching television is that some of the programs which are carrying bad scenes are not being filtered. Therefore this can be affected to the growing age of the teenagers as their minds are not really matured. Withal, most of the teenagers love to experience new adventure things and to imitate super heroes like superman, spider man and etc†¦. Therefore, sometimes, many of the teenagers come up with fateful disasters. As instances, in by-gone times, few deads were recorded because of imitating superman by kids and also lot of teenagers experiencing dangerous narcotics. When looking the main reasons of these circumstances are that programs being telecasted by television. As well as, the reasons for crimes done by teenagers are also the films which were shown in television as crime, barbarian films, robbery cases, murder cases, drug dealing and smuggling films. As example, lately, a student who was in America shot his colleges and his lecturers with a gun in his own collage. Finally, that student also committed to suicide by himself. For these tragics, to distort his mind, television have strictly affected to him. At last we should say that television brings more advantages and more disadvantages for human beings. Though, in one hand as we appreciate one of our of information and communication source, in other hand we should be responsible that the parents should also supervise their children to control them from watching unnecessary things from the television.

Pow 13 Imp 1 Corey Camel

POW #13 Corey Camel Problem Statement: Corey the Camel has a small banana grove in the desert, her harvest this year was 3,000 bananas. The market where Corey sells her bananas is 1,000 miles away. Corey has to walk to the market to sell her bananas, for each mile Corey walks, she eats one banana. Corey can only carry 1,000 bananas at a time. In this POW the goal is to find the number of bananas that Corey can get to the market. Process: To find the answer to this POW I did the mini POW, as suggested. I used the same process for POW 13, as I did for the mini POW.The process is as follows: 1. Corey starts the trip with 1,000 bananas. 2. She travels 200 miles, she’s left with 800 bananas. She stashes 600 bananas at 200 mile point, keeping 200 the trip back. 3. Corey picks up another 1,000 bananas. 4. She travels 200 miles, she has 800 left. She then picks up 200 from the bananas stashed. She now carries 1000 bananas and has 400 more stashed. 5. She travels an additional 333 1/3 miles, she’s left with 666 2/3 bananas, she stashes 333 1/3 there (533 1/3 mile point), she has 333 1/3 bananas left. 6. She then travels back 333 1/3 miles to 200 mile point.She has no bananas left, so picks up 200 stashed (leaving 200 still at 200 mile point), and travels back to the grove, 200 miles away. 7. She picks up another 1,000 bananas at the grove. 8. She travels to the 200 mile point, leaving her with 800 bananas, she picks up remaining 200 stashed. 9. With 1,000 bananas, she travels 333 1/3 miles to 533 1/3 mile point, she is then left with 666 2/3 bananas. 10. She picks up all 333 1/3 that were stashed there 11. She’s back at 1000 bananas 12. She makes remaining 466 2/3 mile trip, 1000-466 2/3 = 533 1/3 bananas left to sell at the market.Solution: a. Corey the Camel will have 533 1/3 bananas to sell at the market. b. Yes, I do think that my solution is the best possible, because if you try stashing less bananas at the 200 mile point, or traveling further before stashing bananas, you always fall short of the 533 1/3 bananas that this method gives you. 533 1/3 is the most possible bananas that Corey the Camel can get to the market. c. The problems are basically identical, just the mini POW uses smaller numbers. It’s easier to work with and helped a lot in finding the answer to the POW.The answer is related, because you go basically the same steps, just with smaller amounts of bananas and miles. Evaluation: I definitely think that this POW was worthwhile; it made me think deeply about what the answer could be. I got a little frustrated for a moment, because at first glance, I would expect the answer to the POW to be 0 bananas, however, the more you look at it, you figure out multiple ways to solve it. The best part about this POW was it’s critical thinking factor, you really need to take into account many perspectives and ways to solve the problem.

Environmental impacts Essay

Introduction The Environment is the major resource for tourism. Tourism depends on the environment because environment is a major tourist attraction. The quality of the environment, both natural and man-made, is essential to tourism. It involves many activities that can have adverse environmental effects. Many of these impacts are linked with the construction of general infrastructure such as roads and airports, and of tourism facilities, including resorts, hotels, restaurants, shops, golf courses and marinas. The negative impacts of tourism development can gradually destroy the environmental resources on which it depends. On the other hand, tourism has the potential to create beneficial effects on the environment by contributing to environmental protection and conservation. It is a way to raise awareness of environmental values and it can serve as a tool to finance protection of natural areas and increase their economic importance. Statement of the Problem This study will be conducted to investigate the environmental impacts of tourism in coastal area in Tanza, Cavite. Specifically, the study will attempt to answer the following questions: 1. What is the perception of the tourism industry that they are the source of effects on environment in terms of: 1.1 Natural environment; 1.2 Natural resources; and 1.3 Built environment. 2. Does the tourism industry has a benefits on environment in terms of: 2.1 resorts; 2.2 beaches; and 2.3 infrastructure. 3. What is the perception of the residents in the environmental impacts of tourism? Conceptual Framework Inputs Process Outputs Figure 1. Conceptual Framework on Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Coastal Area in Tanza, Cavite The figure 1 shows the input and the processes of the study. Coastal Area in Tanza, Cavite of the selected resorts and beaches are the things to be measured in the study and the process is perception questionnaire for Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Coastal Area. Scope and Limitations of the Study This study will focus on collecting the data about environmental impacts of tourism in coastal area. This study is limited to the data that will be collected in the community of Tanza near the coastal area. Significance of the Study This study will contribute to the community near the coastal area and to the local government to bring back the beauty and natural appearance of the affected area and also to improve the beaches where most of the tourists visit to gain more customers. Also to know the main reason why the area is polluted if it’s because of the visitors or the local community. Definition of Terms Attraction – the action or power of evoking interest, pleasure, or liking for someone or something. Beach – a pebbly or sandy shore, esp. by the ocean between high- and low-water marks. Built Environment – refers to the human-made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging in scale from buildings and parks or green space to neighborhoods and cities that can often include their supporting infrastructure, such as water supply, or energy networks. Environment – the natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, esp. as affected by human activity. Environmental impacts – Environmental issues are harmful aspects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Impact – have a strong effect on someone or something. Infrastructure – the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the  operation of a society or enterprise. Resort – a place that is a popular destination for vacations or recreation, or which is frequented for a particular purpose. Natural Resources – materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain. CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Environmental Impacts The environment is recognized as the major resource for tourism. There is a mutual dependence between tourism and environment which has been described as symbiotic. This relationship is one in which tourism benefits from being in a good quality environment and environment benefits from the measures taken to protect and maintain its value as a tourist resource. (Williams 1998). As an environmentally dependent industry (Hall, 2007), tourism can have significant impacts upon the natural environment. Because of this, tourism must be developed in a way that focuses on sustainability so that the infinite life of tourism can be ensured while preserving the natural resources provided by the environment (Bramwell, 1993). Tourism Tourism as people who travel â€Å"the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non-residents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not connected with any earning activity (Hunziker and Krapf 1941). Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It includes movements for all purposes (Tourism Society of England 1976). CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design The researchers will use descriptive-correlation design in this study. The  researchers will get the perception of the residents on the impacts of the tourism in the areas. Using descriptive-correlation the researcher will show if there are any negative effects of tourism in the coastal areas. Sources of Data The researchers will get the perception of the guests, they will be asked about all the factors that affect the coastal area. They will also asked if the tourism industry is one of the biggest factor, and their perception about the environmental impacts of tourism industry in their place. Data Gathering Procedure The primary data will be gathered to answer the objectives of the study. The data will be collected through questionnaire which includes demographic data and the researcher will also conduct an interview to the residents near the following coastal areas in Tanza Cavite. Data Analysis The population consists of 100 local residents near the following coastal areas in Tanza, Cavite. Convenience sampling will be use to determine the impacts of tourism in coastal areas. The researchers will get the perception of the residents by answering the questionnaire if they strongly agree to strongly disagree. Statistical Treatment Research Instrument The researcher will use survey questionnaire for the study, they will also conduct a personal interview and visit the sites.